Canon 3
Second Council of Lyons
That we may, so far as possible, put and end to malice in the matter of elections, postulations, and ecclesiastical collations, lest a prolonged vacancy prove dangerous to the Churches, or the collation of dignities and other ecclesiastical benefices be delayed, we decree that it as times some object to elections, postulations, or collation, or by finding fault in the form of the election, postulation, or collation, or with the person of the one to whom a benefice is to be given or has already been given, and on this account happen to appeal, those who make the appeal must state in a public document of in letters and in the presence of an authorized person or persons who must bear witness to the truth in the matter, everything to which they intend to object in the matter of form or persons, and they must take an oath that they believe those things which they expressed in the document are true and that they can prove them. Otherwise the appellants as well as their adherents, if they object to something not expressed in such letters of documents, shall be denied an appeal, unless perchance something should afterwards arise or evidence should come to hand to prove an old impediment, or some old impediment should come to the knowledge of the appellants of which they probably could have been ignorant at the time the appeal was made. However, in the matter of ignorance and also in the matter of new evidence, they must take an oath, and to this oath must be added their statement to the effect that they believe they have sufficient evidence to prove them. Those things which Innocent IV of happy memory decreed against those who are unable to prove fully their charges against the form of the persons, we wish to remain in force.
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